What is scenario planning?
As boards contemplate the year ahead, they face a challenging risk environment. From technology to politics to climate change, there’s a seemingly constant emergence of new crises that are increasing in scope and complexity. For boards of directors, crisis scenario planning brings a sense of calm to the storm, anticipating and preparing them for potential crises that could impact operations, reputation, or financial condition, among other things. When done right, scenario planning can help the board more effectively guide and support the organization in navigating crises, ensuring agile decision-making and long-term resilience.
Scenario planning is identifying a crisis—or a fact pattern that could lead to a crisis—and developing scenarios as to how the crisis might progress and how the company would address it. However, scenario planning is not necessarily as easy or straightforward as this simple summary might suggest. On the contrary, it entails careful thought, planning, and execution around the following components:
Identifying scenarios: To be effective, a crisis scenario should be relevant to the company—and one that would require an immediate response. The board should work closely with management to understand the prioritized list of risks and crises, their potential immediate and long-term impacts on the business, and the possible scrutiny from regulators, investors, and the media, among others.
Developing scenario narratives: How does the scenario progress? As the scenario proceeds, it will need to follow two parallel routes—the progression of the crisis itself and how the company responds to it. The narrative, as well as both routes, need to be realistic, relevant, and explore a range of potential outcomes—good and bad.
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Top crisis category predictions for 2025

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Technology: The risks associated with various aspects of tech seem to increase in number and severity on a regular basis

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Geopolitics: From tariffs to international operations, geopolitical issues have become a top concern for CEOs and boards

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Climate change: Natural disasters, droughts, and shortages could impact companies’ abilities to operate in certain regions
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Benefits of scenario planning
Benefits of scenario planning
Scenario planning can surface unidentified risks and vulnerabilities, AKA blind spots. Even companies with robust enterprise risk management processes can develop habits that limit the ability to identify new and emerging vulnerabilities.
For similar reasons, scenario planning can pressure test assumptions and actions to reveal gaps in preparedness that need to be addressed.
Scenario planning can provide insights into the readiness of the board and management to address a crisis and whether their involvement in the crisis response is optimal.
Finally, it can suggest areas where the board may need to spend more of its time and energy.

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